Pruning: Perhaps the most important activity in the year. The shape of the vine for the whole year is determined at this point along with the number of grape bunches that it could bear.

Trellising: The basic support system for the vines. Simple but ingenious, it needs to be maintained annually.

Tying down: Attaching the pruned vines to the trellis wires.

Desherbage: Getting rid of the weeds that grow under the vines. The first of three times in the year.

Elaborage: Working the soil between the rows of vines

Spraying: The spraying programme begins.

Epamprage: Removal of the shoots that grow at the base of the vines. The first of three passes during the year.

Ebourgeonage: Removing excess, unwanted buds and growth.

Relevage: Lifting the leaf wires to support the vine branches.

Rognage: Mechanical trimming of the vines. The first of three passes during the year.

Effeuillage: Removing the leaves that surround the grape bunches

Vendange: Harvest

Pre-taillage: Cutting off the higher vine branches ready for pruning